Astaxanthin

●●○Moderate Evidence

A carotenoid 6000× more potent than vitamin C as an antioxidant. The pigment that gives salmon pink flesh. Protects mitochondria and reduces exercise-induced oxidative stress.

Effective Dose

4–12mg / day

per clinical evidence

Evidence Level

Moderate

Anti-Inflammation & Antioxidants

Mechanism

Lipophilic antioxidant, mitochondrial membrane protection

primary action

Best For

Recovery

Endurance, Skin protection, Eye health

This profile is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting any supplementation, especially if you have pre-existing conditions or take medications.

What Is Astaxanthin?

Astaxanthin is a xanthophyll carotenoid produced by microalgae (Haematococcus pluvialis) and responsible for the pink-red colour of salmon and flamingos. Unlike beta-carotene, it never becomes a pro-oxidant, and its unique molecular structure allows it to span the full width of the cell membrane, providing comprehensive lipid-bilayer protection.

How It Works: The Science

Astaxanthin quenches singlet oxygen and neutralises free radicals at both the inner and outer surfaces of cell membranes. It reduces lipid peroxidation in mitochondrial membranes, potentially preserving mitochondrial efficiency. It also reduces inflammatory signalling by inhibiting NF-κB and reducing production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6).

Primary Mechanism

Lipophilic antioxidant, mitochondrial membrane protection

Evidence-Based Benefits

Reduces exercise-induced oxidative stress and muscle damage markers

moderate

Djordjevic et al. (2012) — reduced MDA and 8-OHdG in young athletes over 90 days

Improves endurance performance and fat oxidation

moderate

Earnest et al. (2011) — improved 40km cycling TT and fat-burning metrics

Protects against UV-induced skin damage

moderate

Tominaga et al. (2012) — reduced skin moisture loss and improved skin elasticity

Dosage Guide

Effective Dose

4–12mg / day

4–12mg/day with a fat-containing meal (fat-soluble carotenoid). Natural astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis is preferred over synthetic forms. Benefits accumulate over weeks to months.

Safety Profile & Side Effects

Excellent safety profile. May cause reddish discolouration of stool at high doses. No known drug interactions at supplemental doses.

Who Should (and Shouldn't) Take It

Best for

RecoveryEnduranceSkin protectionEye health

Who it's for

Endurance athletes concerned with oxidative stress and recovery, those seeking anti-ageing antioxidant protection, and anyone spending significant time in UV light. Good background antioxidant for sustained supplementation.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the recommended dose of Astaxanthin?

4–12mg/day with a fat-containing meal (fat-soluble carotenoid). Natural astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis is preferred over synthetic forms. Benefits accumulate over weeks to months.

Is Astaxanthin safe?

Excellent safety profile. May cause reddish discolouration of stool at high doses. No known drug interactions at supplemental doses.

How does Astaxanthin work?

Who should take Astaxanthin?

Related Ingredients

Omega-3 (EPA + DHA)CoQ10 (Ubiquinol)Curcumin (with Bioperine / Phytosome)Vitamin E (Mixed Tocopherols)

Medical Disclaimer

Ingredient profiles are for informational purposes only and do not constitute medical advice. Consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting any supplementation, especially if you have pre-existing conditions or take medications. Full disclaimer →